Plants and trees in zone 5b go through a process of dormancy during the winter months in order to survive the harsh weather conditions. Dormancy is a period of reduced growth and activity during which the plant or tree conserves energy and resources. This is a survival mechanism that allows plants and trees to conserve energy and resources until the warmer and more favorable conditions of spring arrive.

The process of dormancy begins with the decreasing daylight hours and lower temperatures of fall. As the days get shorter and the temperatures drop, the plant or tree begins to shut down its growth and metabolic processes. This is done in order to conserve energy and resources, as the plant or tree is not able to efficiently conduct photosynthesis or grow in the colder weather.

As the plant or tree goes into dormancy, the leaves will begin to fall off and the branches will become bare. This is because the leaves are no longer necessary for photosynthesis, and the plant or tree will not be able to support them. The leaves will also be more susceptible to damage from frost and wind. The tree or plant also stop transporting water and nutrients to the leaves so the tree will lose them.

Some examples of plants and trees that go dormant in zone 5b during the winter include deciduous trees like oak, maple, and elm, as well as shrubs like hydrangea and lilac. Perennial plants such as hosta, and many bulbs like tulips and daffodils also go dormant during the winter in this region. These plants will lose their leaves and become dormant during the winter months and then reemerge in the spring with new growth.

It is important to note that while these plants and trees are dormant, they are not completely inactive. They are still alive and can be damaged by harsh winter conditions such as prolonged drought, heavy snow, and extreme cold. As the temperatures increase and the days get longer in the spring, the plant or tree will begin to break dormancy and start to grow and photosynthesize again.

Plant and tree dormancy during the winter in zone 5b is a survival mechanism that allows plants and trees to conserve energy and resources during the harsh winter conditions. This process begins with the decreasing daylight hours and lower temperatures of fall, and is characterized by the shedding of leaves and a decrease in growth and metabolic activity. Deciduous trees, shrubs, perennials, and bulbs are examples of plants that go dormant in this region. Dormancy should not be mistaken as death or not having any life, the plant or tree is still alive and can be damaged during the winter time.